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grey grasswren
The grey grasswren (''Amytornis barbatus'') is a passerine bird of the family Maluridae native to inland Australia. It is a rarely seen elusive bird that was first sighted in 1921〔Black,, A., Carpenter, G., Pedler, L., Langdon, P. and Pedler, R. (2009). 'Distribution and habitats of the Grey Grasswren Amytornis barbatus in South Australia'. South Australian Arid Lands Natural Resources Management Board.〕 but not taxonomically described until 1968.〔Favaloro, N. and McEvey, A. (1968) 'A new Species of Australian Grasswren'. ''Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria'' 28:1-9.〕 This bird belongs to the Family Maluridae which comprises five genera of passerine birds that are only found in Australia and New Guinea.〔Christidis, L. (1999). 'Evolution and Biogeography of the Australian grasswrens, Amytornis (Aves:Maluridae): biochemical perspectives'. ''Australian Journal of Zoology''. 47,113-114.〕 There are two assemblages, ''Amytorniae'' which comprise one genus (''Amytornis'') and eight species, one of which belongs to the grey grasswren. The second assemblage (''Malurinae'') contains 4 genera and 17 species.〔Christidis, L. and Boles, W.,E. 2008. ''Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds''. CSIRO Publishing. Australia〕 The grey grasswren is endemic to Australia and its greyish coloration and very long tail distinguish it from other grasswrens.〔''The Wrens and Warblers of Australia''. (1982). The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Angus and Robertson Publishers. London.〕 Two subspecies, ''Amytornis barbatus barbatus'' and Amytornis ''barbatus diamantina'' have been recognized.〔Jaensch, R. and McFarland, D. (2002).'A population of Grey Grasswren Amytornis barbatus in the Diamantina Channel Country, Queensland'. ''Sunbird'' 32(2&3):56-61.〕〔Curtis, L., K. (2012). 'Grey Grasswren (Bulloo Subspecies)',in ''Queensland's Threatened Species''. L Curtis (ed). CSIRO Publishing.〕〔Schodde,R. (1990). 'The Sub-Specific Identity of the Grey Grasswrens "Amytornis Barbatus" in the Lake Machattie Basin, South-West Queensland'. ''Sunbird'' 20(2):39-40.〕
While some research has been conducted on the grey grasswren, there remains many knowledge gaps about the ecology of this cryptic bird.〔Tzaros, C. (2013). 'A Glimpse of Grey: Tracking Down the Elusive Grey Grasswren.' ''Australian birdlife.'' 1(4):24-27.〕
==Description==
This is a small bird ranging in length between 18–20 cm, a wing span of approximately 21 cm and weighing between 15 and 23 g.〔Slater, P., Slater, P. and Slater, R. (2013) ''The Slater Field Guide to Australian Birds''. New Holland Publishers.〕 Its general colour is gingery brown suffused with grey and off white striations.〔 A diagnosis by Schrodde and Christidis (1987) records that 'the face is patterned black and white with broad white superciliary stripe and black stripe from lores through eyes linked to thin black malar line around sides of throat; tail greatly attenuated with tapered rectrices, the center pair of which extend > 5mm beyond the adjacent pair; no sexual dimorphism in colour of flanks or belly'.〔Schodde, R. and Christidis, L. (1987). 'Genetic Differentiation and Subspeciation in the Grey Grasswren Amytornis barbatus (Maluridae)'. ''Emu'' 47:187-192〕 Juvenile color is duller although similar to the adults and with no distinct facial pattern.〔Reader's Digest. (2010). ''Readers Digest Complete Book of Australian Birds''. Reader's Digest. Australia〕 Molt is poorly understood but thought to occur annually after breeding and between October and December.〔Hardy, J., W. (2002). 'A Banding Study of the Grey Grasswren ''Amytornis barbatus barbatus'' in the Caryapundy Swamp of South-Western Queensland'. ''Corella'' 26(4): 106-109.〕
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